My Extended Family

Person Page 271

Mary Eliza Candlin

F, #8101, b. 1854
Relationship4th cousin 2 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherCharles Candlin (b. 1824, d. between July 1886 and September 1886)
MotherCatherine Richards (b. about 1816)
Reference NumberMary Eliza Candlin had reference number 8101.
Birth1854She was born in 1854 in Holloway, LondonG.

William Candlin

M, #8102, b. 1856
Relationship4th cousin 2 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherCharles Candlin (b. 1824, d. between July 1886 and September 1886)
MotherCatherine Richards (b. about 1816)
Reference NumberWilliam Candlin had reference number 8102.
Birth1856He was born in 1856 in Shoreditch, London, MiddlesexG.

Frank Candlin

M, #8103, b. 1858
Relationship4th cousin 2 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherCharles Candlin (b. 1824, d. between July 1886 and September 1886)
MotherCatherine Richards (b. about 1816)
Reference NumberFrank Candlin had reference number 8103.
Birth1858He was born in 1858 in Shoreditch, London, MiddlesexG.

Mary Lane

F, #8104, b. about 1802
RelationshipPartner of John Candlin (2nd cousin 4 times removed of Frank Lowe)

Family: John Candlin (b. 1800, d. between October 1877 and December 1877)

SonJoseph Candlin (b. 1827)
SonJohn Candlin (b. 1831)
DaughterAnn Candlin (b. 1833)
Reference NumberMary Lane had reference number 8104.
Birthabout 1802She was born about 1802.
Marriage30 September 1822She married John Candlin on 30 September 1822 in Worksop, NottinghamshireG.
The witnesses were Robert Didsbury and James Lawe.

Joseph Candlin

M, #8105, b. 1827
Relationship3rd cousin 3 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherJohn Candlin (b. 1800, d. between October 1877 and December 1877)
MotherMary Lane (b. about 1802)
Reference NumberJoseph Candlin had reference number 8105.
Birth1827He was born in 1827 in NottinghamshireG.

John Candlin

M, #8106, b. 1831
Relationship3rd cousin 3 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherJohn Candlin (b. 1800, d. between October 1877 and December 1877)
MotherMary Lane (b. about 1802)
Reference NumberJohn Candlin had reference number 8106.
Birth1831He was born in 1831 in Carburton, NottinghamshireG.

Ann Candlin

F, #8107, b. 1833
Relationship3rd cousin 3 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherJohn Candlin (b. 1800, d. between October 1877 and December 1877)
MotherMary Lane (b. about 1802)
Reference NumberAnn Candlin had reference number 8107.
Birth1833She was born in 1833 in Carburton, NottinghamshireG.

Gilbert W Didsbury

M, #8108, b. 1850
Relationship4th cousin 2 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherGilbert Didsbury (b. 1819)
MotherSarah Candlin (b. 1819)
Reference NumberGilbert W Didsbury had reference number 8108.
Birth1850He was born in 1850 in City of LondonG.

Herbert Didsbury

M, #8109, b. 1859
Relationship4th cousin 2 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherGilbert Didsbury (b. 1819)
MotherSarah Candlin (b. 1819)
Reference NumberHerbert Didsbury had reference number 8109.
Birth1859He was born in 1859 in City of LondonG.

James Stubbings

M, #8110, b. about 1831
RelationshipPartner of Mary Ann Holden (3rd cousin 3 times removed of Frank Lowe)

Family: Mary Ann Holden (b. 1833, d. between January 1900 and March 1900)

DaughterMary Ann Stubbings (b. 1854)
SonJames Stubbings (b. 1857)
DaughterEmily Stubbings+ (b. between January 1859 and March 1859, d. 1922)
DaughterSarah Stubbings+ (b. between April 1861 and June 1861)
SonSamuel Stubbings+ (b. April 1863)
DaughterMarian Stubbings+ (b. 1 September 1865, d. between January 1943 and March 1943)
DaughterEllen Stubbings (b. 1867)
SonWalter Stubbings (b. October 1870)
DaughterAlice Stubbings+ (b. between July 1872 and September 1872)
DaughterEva Stubbings+ (b. 11 September 1874, d. between April 1947 and June 1947)
Reference NumberJames Stubbings had reference number 8110.
Birthabout 1831He was born about 1831
There are two possibilities: Baptism 7th July 1829 at Whitwell, the parents are Joseph and Mary, or baptism 23rd Feb 1834 at Whitwell, the parents are Henry and Elizabeth.
Marriage1854He married Mary Ann Holden in 1854.
The year is assumed and is based on the birthdate of their eldest child.
Census7 April 1861He was recorded in the census on 7 April 1861 at Peter Moor, Scotland Lane, in Whitwell, DerbyshireG,
James STUBBINGS Head Married 29 1832 Mason Whitwell Derbyshire

Mary Ann STUBBINGS Wife Married 28 1833 Whitwell Derbyshire

Mary STUBBINGS Daughter 6 1855 Scholar Sheffield Yorkshire

James STUBBINGS Son 4 1857 Scholar Whitwell Derbyshire

Emily STUBBINGS Daughter 2 1859 Scholar Whitwell Derbyshire


Witness Role: Resident [I6203] Mary Ann HOLDEN
Witness Role: Resident [I3451] Mary Ann STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I8112] James STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I3453] Emily STUBBINGS.
Census2 April 1871He was recorded in the census on 2 April 1871 at Peter Moor in Whitwell, DerbyshireG,
Henry STUBBINGS Head M 78 Ag Lab Whitwell Derbys

James STUBBINGS Son M 38 Stone Mason Whitwell Derbys

Ann STUBBINGS DaurLaw M 36 Whitwell Derbys

James STUBBINGS GrnSon 14 Apprentice to Mason Whitwell Derbys

Sarah STUBBINGS GrnDaur 10 Scholar Whitwell Derbys

Mariam STUBBINGS GrnDaur 6 Whitwell Derbys

Samuel STUBBINGS GrnSon 7 Scholar Whitwell Derbys

Ellen STUBBINGS GrnDaur 4 Whitwell Derbys

Walter STUBBINGS GrnSon 6m Whitwell Derbys



Witness Role: Resident [I6203] Mary Ann HOLDEN
Witness Role: Resident [I8112] James STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I8114] Sarah STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I8115] Marian STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I3705] Samuel STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I8117] Ellen STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I3706] Walter STUBBINGS.
Census3 April 1881He was recorded in the census on 3 April 1881 at Peter Moor in Whitwell, DerbyshireG,
James STUBBINGS Head M 48 Mason Whitwell Derbys

Ann STUBBINGS Wife M 47 Whitwell Derbys

Samuel STUBBINGS Son U 17 Mason Whitwell Derbys

Sarah STUBBINGS Daur U 20 Whitwell Derbys

Marion STUBBINGS Daur 15 Whitwell Derbys

Walter STUBBINGS Son 10 Whitwell Derbys

Alice STUBBINGS Daur 8 Whitwell Derbys

Eva STUBBINGS Daur 6 Whitwell Derbys



Witness Role: Resident [I6203] Mary Ann HOLDEN
Witness Role: Resident [I3707] Alice STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I3708] Eva STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I8115] Marian STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I3705] Samuel STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I8114] Sarah STUBBINGS
Witness Role: Resident [I3706] Walter STUBBINGS.
Census5 April 1891He was recorded in the census on 5 April 1891 at Petre Moor in Whitwell, DerbyshireG,
James STUBBINGS Head M 58 Stone Mason Whitwell Derbys

Mary Ann STUBBINGS Wife M 58 Whitwell Derbys

Eva STUBBINGS Daur U 16 Whitwell Derbys


Witness Role: Resident [I6203] Mary Ann HOLDEN
Witness Role: Resident [I3708] Eva STUBBINGS.

James Stubbings

M, #8112, b. 1857
Relationship4th cousin 2 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherJames Stubbings (b. about 1831)
MotherMary Ann Holden (b. 1833, d. between January 1900 and March 1900)
Reference NumberJames Stubbings had reference number 8112.
Birth1857He was born in 1857 in Whitwell, DerbyshireG.

Sarah Stubbings

F, #8114, b. between April 1861 and June 1861
Relationship4th cousin 2 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherJames Stubbings (b. about 1831)
MotherMary Ann Holden (b. 1833, d. between January 1900 and March 1900)

Family: William Simpson (b. May 1860)

DaughterLottie Simpson (b. 11 August 1881)
DaughterMaggie Simpson (b. between April 1883 and June 1883)
SonWilliam James Simpson (b. between October 1898 and December 1898)
NameSarah Stubbings was also known as Sarah Jane Stubbings.
NameShe was also known as Sarah Jane Simpson.
Reference NumberShe had reference number 8114.
Baptism28 April 1861She was baptised on 28 April 1861 in Whitwell, DerbyshireG.
The parents are James and Ann, of Whitwell. James was a Mason.
Birthbetween April 1861 and June 1861She was born between April 1861 and June 1861 in Worksop, NottinghamshireG,
This information was supplied by karen796turner at Ancestry.co.uk.
Marriage6 June 1881She married William Simpson on 6 June 1881 at St Lawrences Church in Whitwell, DerbyshireG.
William SIMPSON 21 Bachelor Sawyer of Worksop the child of George Simpson Sawyer

Sarah Jane STUBBINGS 20 Spinster of Whitwell the child of James Stubbings Stone Mason

Witnesses: William Frederic Reynolds, Emily Stubbings


Everyone signed.
Census5 April 1891She was recorded in the census on 5 April 1891 at 73 Wharncliffe Silkstone Colliery in Pilley, YorkshireG,
William SIMPSON Head M 30 Colliery Sawyer Worksop Notts

Sarah SIMPSON Wife M 29 Whitwell Derbys

Lottie SIMPSON Daur 9 Scholar Whitwell Derbys

Maggie SIMPSON Daur 7 Worksop Notts

Edward STOREY Boarder U 20 Colliery Sawyer Worksop Notts.
Census31 March 1901She was recorded in the census on 31 March 1901 at Knole Cottages in Tankersley, YorkshireG,
William SIMPSON Head M 40 Sawyer at Colliery Worksop Notts

Sarah J SIMPSON Wife M 39 Whitwell Derbys

Lottie SIMPSON Daur U 19 Pupil Teacher Whitwell Derbys

Maggie SIMPSON Daur U 17 Pupil Teacher Worksop Notts

William J SIMPSON Son 2 Tankersley Yorks

John W EVANS Boarder U 29 Colliery Deputy Birsham Denbigh.
Census2 April 1911She was recorded in the census on 2 April 1911 at Knoll Cottages in Tankersley, YorkshireG,
William SIMPSON Head M 49 Wood Sawyer Above Ground for Colliery Co. Worksop Notts

Sarah Jane SIMPSON Wife Married 30 years 49 Whitwell Derbyshire

William James SIMPSON Son 12 School Tankersley Yorks

Cecil Francis ELLWOOD Lodger U 29 Chemical Engineer Rangeworthy Gloucester


The house had 5 rooms. Sarah had 3 children, all still alive.

Marian Stubbings

F, #8115, b. 1 September 1865, d. between January 1943 and March 1943
Relationship4th cousin 2 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherJames Stubbings (b. about 1831)
MotherMary Ann Holden (b. 1833, d. between January 1900 and March 1900)

Family: William John Banyard (b. August 1862, d. between January 1937 and March 1937)

SonWilliam Banyard (b. 7 June 1888, d. between January 1969 and March 1969)
DaughterMarion Banyard (b. between July 1890 and September 1890)
SonCharles Banyard (b. 13 August 1892)
SonHarry Banyard (b. 1896)
SonFrederick Banyard (b. between October 1898 and December 1898)
DaughterEdith Banyard (b. November 1900, d. August 1976)
NameMarian Stubbings was also known as Marion Stubbings.
NameShe was also known as Marion Banyard.
Reference NumberShe had reference number 8115.
Birth1 September 1865She was born on 1 September 1865 in Whitwell, DerbyshireG,
This information was supplied by andrewlegge141 via Ancestry.co.uk.
Baptism24 September 1865She was baptised on 24 September 1865 in Whitwell, DerbyshireG.
The parents are James and Ann, of Whitwell. James was a Mason.
Marriagebetween July 1887 and September 1887She married William John Banyard between July 1887 and September 1887 in Worksop, NottinghamshireG.
Census5 April 1891She was recorded in the census on 5 April 1891 at 8 Ash Street in York, YorkshireG,
William BANYARD Head M 28 Waggon Builder Doncaster Yorks

Marion BANYARD Wife M 25 Whitwell Derbys

Marion BANYARD Daur 10m York Yorks.
Census31 March 1901She was recorded in the census on 31 March 1901 at 18 Sedgwick Road in Leyton, EssexG,
John W BANYARD Head M 38 Wagon Builder Doncaster Yorks

Miriam BANYARD Wife M 35 Whittwell Derbys

William BANYARD Son 12 London

Marion BANYARD Daur 10 York Yorks

Charles BANYARD Son 8 York Yorks

Harry BANYARD Son 4 York Yorks

Frederick BANYARD Son 2 Leytonstone Essex

Edith BANYARD Daur 5m Leytonstone Essex.
Census2 April 1911She was recorded in the census on 2 April 1911 at 18 Sedgwick Road in Leyton E, EssexG,
W G BANYARD Head 48 M Railway Wagon Builder Doncaster Yorkshire

Marion BANYARD Wife 45 Married 23 years Whitwell Derbyshire

William BANYARD Son 22 U Railway Wagon Builder London Surrey

Marion BANYARD Daur 20 U York Yorkshire

Charles BANYARD Son 18 U Railway Wagon Builder York Yorkshire

Harry BANYARD Son 14 Office Boy Commercial York Yorkshire

Frederick BANYARD Son 12 School Leytonstone Essex

Edith BANYARD Daur 10 School Leytonstone Essex


The house had 6 rooms. Marion bore 6 children, all still alive.
Deathbetween January 1943 and March 1943She died between January 1943 and March 1943 in Chingford, EssexG.

Ellen Stubbings

F, #8117, b. 1867
Relationship4th cousin 2 times removed of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherJames Stubbings (b. about 1831)
MotherMary Ann Holden (b. 1833, d. between January 1900 and March 1900)
NameEllen Stubbings was also known as Ellen Elizabeth Stubbings.
Reference NumberShe had reference number 8117.
Birth1867She was born in 1867 in Whitwell, DerbyshireG.
Birthbetween January 1868 and March 1868She was born between January 1868 and March 1868 in Worksop, NottinghamshireG,
She is indexed as Stubbins. This information was supplied by karen796turner at Ancestry.co.uk.
Baptism1 March 1868She was baptised on 1 March 1868 in Whitwell, DerbyshireG.
The parents are named as James and Ann.
Census2 April 1871She was recorded in the census on 2 April 1871 at Peter Moor in Whitwell, DerbyshireG,
Henry STUBBINGS Head M 78 Ag Lab Whitwell Derbys

James STUBBINGS Son M 38 Stone Mason Whitwell Derbys

Ann STUBBINGS DaurLaw M 36 Whitwell Derbys

James STUBBINGS GrnSon 14 Apprentice to Mason Whitwell Derbys

Sarah STUBBINGS GrnDaur 10 Scholar Whitwell Derbys

Mariam STUBBINGS GrnDaur 6 Whitwell Derbys

Samuel STUBBINGS GrnSon 7 Scholar Whitwell Derbys

Ellen STUBBINGS GrnDaur 4 Whitwell Derbys

Walter STUBBINGS GrnSon 6m Whitwell Derbys.
Census3 April 1881She was recorded in the census on 3 April 1881 at 20 Meadow Street in Sheffield, YorkshireG,
Jane PLANT Head W 65 Shopwoman Provisions Dealer Worksop Notts

Charlote NAYLOR Boarder U 20 Assistant Provisions Dealer Sheffield Yorks

Ellen E STUBBINS Servant U 14 General Servant Whitwell Derbys.

Benjamin Cousen

M, #8122, b. 1763
Relationship4th great-uncle of Annie West

Parents

FatherBenjamin Cousen (b. about 1735, d. December 1788)
MotherCharity Dowley (b. about 1737)
Reference NumberBenjamin Cousen had reference number 8122.
Baptism7 April 1763He was baptised on 7 April 1763 in Eckington, DerbyshireG.
He is named as Benjamin Cousins. The father is Benjamin.
Birth1763He was born in 1763 in Eckington, DerbyshireG.
Marriage15 October 1782He entered into a bond to marry Sarah Hutchinson on 15 October 1782.
This is not a marriage, but a marriage bond - a statement that no impediment exists to a marriage between the couple.


Benjamin COUSINS of the parish of Eckington

Sarah HUTCHINSON of the parish of Whitwell.
Marriage16 October 1782He married Sarah Hutchinson on 16 October 1782 in Whitwell, DerbyshireG.
Benjamin COUSIN and Sarah HUTCHINSON.

Henry Cousen

M, #8123, b. 1758
Relationship4th great-uncle of Annie West

Parents

FatherBenjamin Cousen (b. about 1735, d. December 1788)
MotherCharity Dowley (b. about 1737)
Reference NumberHenry Cousen had reference number 8123.
Baptism28 September 1758He was baptised on 28 September 1758 in Eckington, DerbyshireG.
Henry, ye son of Benjamin Cowsen (in the original) or Cousin (in the Bishop's Transcript.)
Birth1758He was born in 1758.

Sarah Hutchinson

F, #8124
RelationshipPartner of Benjamin Cousen (4th great-uncle of Annie West)
Reference NumberSarah Hutchinson had reference number 8124.
Marriage15 October 1782She entered into a bond to marry Benjamin Cousen on 15 October 1782.
This is not a marriage, but a marriage bond - a statement that no impediment exists to a marriage between the couple.


Benjamin COUSINS of the parish of Eckington

Sarah HUTCHINSON of the parish of Whitwell.
Marriage16 October 1782She married Benjamin Cousen on 16 October 1782 in Whitwell, DerbyshireG.
Benjamin COUSIN and Sarah HUTCHINSON.

Charles West

M, #8125, b. between April 1900 and June 1900, d. between April 1900 and June 1900
RelationshipBrother of Annie West

Parents

FatherAlfred Frank West (b. 11 April 1876, d. 1 February 1941)
MotherGertrude Massick (b. 12 May 1879, d. 17 October 1950)
Reference NumberCharles West had reference number 8125.
Baptism28 April 1900He was baptised on 28 April 1900 in Eckington, DerbyshireG.
Charles, the son of Alfred Frank and Gertrude WEST, of 22 Ashland Road. Alfred was a Miner.
Birthbetween April 1900 and June 1900He was born between April 1900 and June 1900 in Eckington, DerbyshireG,
The mother's maiden name is Massick.
Deathbetween April 1900 and June 1900He died between April 1900 and June 1900 in Eckington, DerbyshireG.
His age was given as 0.

William Marsden

M, #8126
Relationship4th great-grandfather of Annie West

Family:

SonJoseph Marsden+ (b. about 1753, d. April 1819)
Reference NumberWilliam Marsden had reference number 8126.

Catherine Bowskill

F, #8127, b. 1816
Relationship2nd great-aunt of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherSamuel Bowskill (b. about 1777, d. August 1853)
MotherElizabeth Hobson (b. 1784, d. between January 1864 and March 1864)
Reference NumberCatherine Bowskill had reference number 8127.
Baptism4 August 1816She was baptised on 4 August 1816 in Mansfield Woodhouse, NottinghamshireG.
The parents are Samuel and Elizabeth.
Birth1816She was born in 1816.
Burial22 May 1817She was buried on 22 May 1817 in Mansfield Woodhouse, NottinghamshireG.
Her age was given as 9 months.

Sarah Bowskill

F, #8128, b. 1814
Relationship2nd great-aunt of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherSamuel Bowskill (b. about 1777, d. August 1853)
MotherElizabeth Hobson (b. 1784, d. between January 1864 and March 1864)
Reference NumberSarah Bowskill had reference number 8128.
Baptism6 March 1814She was baptised on 6 March 1814 in Mansfield Woodhouse, NottinghamshireG.
The parents are Samuel and Elizabeth. Samuel was a Labourer.
Birth1814She was born in 1814.

Ellen Bowskill

F, #8129, b. 1807, d. between April 1877 and June 1877
Relationship2nd great-aunt of Frank Lowe

Parents

FatherSamuel Bowskill (b. about 1777, d. August 1853)
MotherElizabeth Hobson (b. 1784, d. between January 1864 and March 1864)

Family: Matthew Edge

SonSamuel Edge (b. 1833)
SonMatthew Edge (b. 1835)
DaughterSarah Edge (b. 1843)
Reference NumberEllen Bowskill had reference number 8129.
Baptism21 July 1807She was baptised on 21 July 1807 in Mansfield Woodhouse, NottinghamshireG.
The parents are Samuel and Elizabeth.
Birth1807She was born in 1807 in Mansfield Woodhouse, NottinghamshireG.
Marriage11 March 1833She married Matthew Edge on 11 March 1833 in Cuckney, NottinghamshireG.
Matthew EDGE of Cuckney and Norton

Ellen BOWSKILL of Cuckney and Norton

Witnesses: Samuel Kirkwood and John Johnson.
Census7 April 1861She was recorded in the census on 7 April 1861 at 25 Abbey Street, Radford, in Worksop, NottinghamshireG,
Thomas MELLARS Head Widower 62 1799 Woodman Worksop Nottinghamshire

Ellen EDGE Housekeeper Unmarried 53 1808 House Keeper Mansfield Woodhouse Nottinghamshire

Elizabeth MELLARS Mother Widow 86 1775 Worksop Nottinghamshire

Thomas MELLARS Son Unmarried 26 1835 Woodman Worksop Nottinghamshire.
Census2 April 1871She was recorded in the census on 2 April 1871 at 25 Abbey Street, Radford, in Worksop, NottinghamshireG,
Ellen EDGE Head Widow 64 1807 Charwoman Mansfield Woodhouse Nottinghamshire

Thomas MELLORS Boarder Widower 71 1800 Labourer in a Wood Yard Worksop Nottinghamshire.
Burial18 April 1877She was buried on 18 April 1877 in Worksop, NottinghamshireG.
Deathbetween April 1877 and June 1877She died between April 1877 and June 1877 in Worksop, NottinghamshireG.
Her age was given as 70.

Matthew Edge

M, #8130
RelationshipPartner of Ellen Bowskill (2nd great-aunt of Frank Lowe)

Family: Ellen Bowskill (b. 1807, d. between April 1877 and June 1877)

SonSamuel Edge (b. 1833)
SonMatthew Edge (b. 1835)
DaughterSarah Edge (b. 1843)
Reference NumberMatthew Edge had reference number 8130.
Marriage11 March 1833He married Ellen Bowskill on 11 March 1833 in Cuckney, NottinghamshireG.
Matthew EDGE of Cuckney and Norton

Ellen BOWSKILL of Cuckney and Norton

Witnesses: Samuel Kirkwood and John Johnson.
Census6 June 1841He was recorded in the census on 6 June 1841 at Belph in Whitwell, DerbyshireG,
Mathew EDGE Male 35 1806 Derbyshire

Ellen EDGE Female 30 1811 Derbyshire

Samuel EDGE Male 8 1833 Derbyshire

Mathew EDGE Male 6 1835 Derbyshire


Witness Role: Resident [I8129] Ellen BOWSKILL
Witness Role: Resident [I8131] Samuel EDGE
Witness Role: Resident [I8132] Matthew EDGE.
Census30 March 1851He was recorded in the census on 30 March 1851 at Mill Ash in Whitwell, DerbyshireG,
Matthew EDGE Head Married 45 1806 Lab Langworth Derbyshire

Helen EDGE Wife Married 44 1807 Wife Mansfield Woodhouse Nottinghamshire

Sarah EDGE Daughter Unmarried 8 1843 Dau Whitwell Derbyshire

Elizabeth EDGE Aunt Unmarried 77 1774 Aunt Derbyshire


Witness Role: Resident [I8129] Ellen BOWSKILL
Witness Role: Resident [I8133] Sarah EDGE.